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Beliefs are an important target for the management of musculoskeletal pain.

Behavioural learning is key to elicit and disconfirm unhelpful beliefs.

We propose key principles to guide clinicians in promoting behavioural change.

A case illustrates the role beliefs have on musculoskeletal pain management.

Children with cerebral palsy have variable degrees of respiratory muscle weakness.

IMT improves respiratory muscle strength, trunk control and exercise capacity in these children.

IMT also improves daily living activities and quality of life.

The serratus anterior (SA) is associated with shoulder painful conditions.

This paper reviews the anatomy, kinesiology, and pathokinesiology of the SA.

This paper describes and illustrates exercises that specifically target the activation of the SA.

This paper can help clinicians develop exercises that specifically challenge the SA.

HRV is used to assess cardiac autonomic modulation.

HRV is useful to assess the effect of physical exercise programmes.

What are the common shortcomings of using the HRV methodology?

What are the recommendations of using HRV collection and analysis methods?

Checklist regarding the use of the HRV collection and analysis methodology.

Wheelchair basketball players with shoulder pain get localized pain sensitivity.

Basketball players without shoulder pain had similar pressure pain sensitivity.

Elite wheelchair basketball players with shoulder pain get active trigger points.

The referred pain elicited by active trigger points reproduced shoulder pain.

Basketball players without shoulder pain get similar latent trigger points.

Improper activation of the trapezius is associated with abnormal scapular motions.

This paper reviews the anatomy, kinesiology, and pathokinesiology of the trapezius.

This paper describes and illustrates exercises that target the trapezius.

Migraine is associated with high levels of disability and comorbidities.

Disability levels can be influenced by the presence of aura and migraine chronicity.

Manual and exercise therapy aim to reduce musculoskeletal pain and sensitization.

Balance and vestibular rehabilitation is suggested to enhance function and reduce dizziness.

Patients may benefit from physical examination and tailored treatment paths including education.

This study investigated the influence between pelvis–trunk–shoulder.

Active reduction of anterior pelvic tilt decreased trunk extension.

Active reduction of anterior pelvic tilt increased lower trapezius activity.