Articles in press

Improper activation of the trapezius is associated with abnormal scapular motions.

This paper reviews the anatomy, kinesiology, and pathokinesiology of the trapezius.

This paper describes and illustrates exercises that target the trapezius.

This study shows a high prevalence of low back pain over a one week period.

Older age, low education, hypertension and smoking were associated with back pain in men.

Occupational and ergonomic factors were associated with back pain in women.

The serratus anterior (SA) is associated with shoulder painful conditions.

This paper reviews the anatomy, kinesiology, and pathokinesiology of the SA.

This paper describes and illustrates exercises that specifically target the activation of the SA.

This paper can help clinicians develop exercises that specifically challenge the SA.

First head-to-head comparison of QUADAS, QUADAS-2, DAQS measurement properties.

Inter-tester reliability of individual items of the tools was poor.

Summary scores were imprecise and convergent validity was often low.

The quality of the included studies was mixed.

A new quality assessment tool should exclude items relating to generalizability.

Diagnosis is designed to improve communication and documentation about a patient's condition and should help refine treatment options for patients. A diagnosis allows clinicians to “cross-talk” and reduce variability of care.

Higher order thinking is a form of thinking and learning that requires greater cognitive processing and indirectly requires different forms of learning beyond memorization, facts and, concepts. Higher order thinking occurs after one makes a diagnosis.

Diagnostic metrics are either internal (in that they provide information about the test only) or external (in that they provide information about post-test decision making). The best tests influence post-test decision making.

Overdiagnosis may lead to overtreatment. A caveat exists that over-pursuing diagnoses may lead to worse outcomes.

Within a diagnosis are specific phenotypes. Thus, multiple patients may have a single diagnosis but present markedly differently and respond to different outcomes.

NMES might be used as adjuvant therapy to improve sitting and standing GMFM dimensions.

NMES is not better than PT alone to improve GMFM walking dimension.

Further research is still necessary to determine the precise effects of NMES on GMFM.

The majority of women do not have access to physical therapy for urinary incontinence in primary health centers.

Physical therapy intervention can be succssesfully implemented in primary health care centers.

The PFMT and bladder training was effective, with positive results as early as 6 weeks.

The protocols tested should be used in primary health centers.

Women with stress UI were eight times more likely to report cure after PFMT.

Women with combined UI types were five times more likely to report cure after PFMT.

PFMT improves symptoms and QoL in women with stress, urge and combined UI types.

Results support the recommendation of PFMT as first-line treatment for UI in women.

Twelve weeks of BodyPump (low load resistance training) and heavy load resistance training with and without a personal trainer did not show any between group effects on self-reported musculoskeletal pain in overweight women.

High (≥75%) versus low (≤75%) exercise adherence do not affect the prevalence of bodily pain after 12 weeks of resistance training.

We need more studies evaluating changes in musculoskeletal pain during popular exercise concepts.